SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: FUNDRAISING IN NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS

Social entrepreneurship is a theme of contemporary management. The business is conducted through a project, whose objective is to think, develop and implement collaborative solutions. While corporate entrepreneurship generates profit, social entrepreneurship generates social impact. The limits of performance of corporate entrepreneurship, such as expected investment and return, can be exceeded by social entrepreneurship, since the expectation of economic gain is not the engine of entrepreneurial action, but social problems and citizenship. NGOs are social enterprises, where people of public interest work collaboratively to achieve the organization's objectives. To undertake solutions that emerge from creativity, insights and solidary actions, is to promote social value, but with political-economic implications. Studies on social entrepreneurship, since 1998, focus on explaining the phenomenon, which is growing, proposing principles and applications, defining its limits. Systematic reviews point to underlying themes such as education, social impact, self-management, legitimacy, small businesses, sustainability. It also mentions: social inclusion and fundraising, the latter explored in this article. Every organization needs resources. Non-profit companies, such as nursing homes and support homes, raise funds to survive, providing services to society. However, how do these companies raise the funds they need? The objective of the study is to analyze fundraising in two NGOs in Florianópolis / SC - Brazil. The names of the companies are fictitious X and Y, representing practical models of funding and the theoretical model Z, idealized from the experiences of these organizations. The research method is descriptive-analytical, with observation and interview, using a qualitative approach. Visits were made to NGOs for interviews with managers. The institutions' websites were accessed to learn about the services provided by them, the fundraising projects and their donors. The results show that there are many ways to raise funds and the project is the legal instrument by which fundraising campaigns are carried out. For example, collection of food, clothing, materials, services, money, etc. These fundraising projects are published as social projects, with the intention of sensitizing the target audience. People who raise funds need to innovate, creating new ways to raise funds, to reach donors at all levels. The forms of funding identified in NGOs X and Y are: bank deposit and PagSeguro; donations in water and energy bills; fundraising campaigns; thrift stores and social clubs. In the interviews, the interlocutors said that they monitor and participate in government notices, presenting projects. In addition, there are contributions from partners such as public and private institutions. The Z model is a fundraising project with five management stages: Monitor opportunities, Analyze feasibility, Project fundraising, Execute the project, Evaluate Results (MAPEAR). Resources are not the end of social entrepreneurship, they are the means by which social inclusion is promoted.